I think so.
In the meantime, note that the Anvil name of a table is global, across your entire account. Change it in one App, and that change is visible across all your Apps. This is independent of its local (per-database) Python name. So changing the global name shouldn’t break any code.
I have a standing Feature Request for access to the Account’s complete set of Tables, across all Apps and Databases. Without it, you can’t get a complete picture anywhere. I suppose one could manually create a tracking app, but it will always be extra work to maintain, and forever at risk of being out-of-sync with reality (as Anvil defines it).
Same principle applies to anvil.server.callables, I should think.